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JSR47 business terms

> As of version 0.8 of the JSR47 specification the `java.util.logging` API resembles log4j even more than was the case previously. The way the two APIs name their components may differ but otherwise their degree of resemblance is quite striking.

> Changes introduced in the latest 0.8 draft include configuration order independence, appender inheritance, resource bundle inheritance, error handlers and lazy inference of caller information. In other words, even if the priority levels remain unchanged and somewhat bogus, the majority of the points raised in my critique of JSR47 are now obsolete.

> Consequently, it is fair to say that our campaign to influence the JSR47 API handsomely bore fruit. I wish to thank the hundreds of concerned users who have expressed their support for log4j. My gratitude goes to Jason Hunter for arranging the appropriate communication channel to Sun. Graham Hamilton, the JSR47 specification lead, was very open and receptive during our exchanges.

> From the user standpoint, there remain two critical differences. First, JSR47 requires JDK 1.4 whereas log4j is compatible with JDK 1.1 and later. Second, log4j offers much more functionality. It supports a rich configuration language, at least a dozen appenders and layouts as well as many other useful features.

> Efforts to backport JSR47 to earlier JDKs are doomed to fail because the `java.util.logging` package is located under the `java` namespace. This will cause backported code to systematically throw a `SecurityException` under JDK 1.3. Moreover, Java is a trademark owned by Sun Microsystems. As such, the backported code will be under the threat of litigation as long as Sun can be expected to defend its trademark.

> If you take the time to study the terms of the final draft of the JSR47 specification, you will discover a copyright notice containing the following text.

>       Sun hereby grants you a fully-paid, non-exclusive, non-transferable,
>       worldwide, limited license (without the right to sublicense), under
>       Sun's intellectual property rights that are essential to practice
>       the Specification, to internally practice the Specification solely
>       for the purpose of creating a clean room implementation of the
>       Specification that: (i) includes a complete implementation of
>       the current version of the Specification, without subsetting or
>       superset-ting; (ii) implements all of the interfaces and
>       functionality of the Specification, as defined by Sun, without
>       sub-setting or supersetting; (iii) includes a complete
>       implementation of any optional components (as defined by Sun in the
>       Specification) which you choose to implement, without subsetting or
>       supersetting; (iv) implements all of the interfaces and
>       functionality of such optional components, without subsetting or
>       supersetting; (v) does not add any additional packages,
>       classes or interfaces to the "java.*" or "javax.*" packages or
>       subpackages (or other pack-ages defined by Sun); (vi)
>       satisfies all testing requirements available from Sun relating to
>       the most recently pub-lished version of the Specification six (6)
>       months prior to any release of the clean room implementation or
>       upgrade thereto; (vii) does not derive from any Sun source
>       code or binary code materials; and (viii) does not include
>       any Sun source code or binary code materials without an appropriate
>       and separate license from Sun. The Specification contains the
>       proprietary information of Sun and may only be used in accordance
>       with the license terms set forth herein. This license will terminate
>       immediately without notice from Sun if you fail to comply with any
>       provision of this license. Upon termination or expiration of this
>       license, you must cease use of or destroy the Specification.

> Given these business terms it is not possible for log4j or other independent parties to implement the JSR47 specification. Here is how the Apache Software foundation, a member of the JCP Executive Committee, voted on this JSR.

> > The Apache Software Foundation is grateful for the significant efforts of the JSR 47 spec lead, Graham Hamilton, toward addressing the technical concerns raised by the members and lead of Apache's log4j project. Regretfully, under the Merlin business terms, log4j (or any other potential independent implementation of this specification) cannot make use of the Specification, not can anyone implement this specification for earlier J2SE platforms (J2SE 1.2, 1.3), and it is on this basis that Apache cannot support this JSR.

> This problems is not specific to JSR47. Most other JSR specifications contain similar business terms which are not exactly designed to facilitate independent implementations.

Reinventing the wheel

> Log4j is the de facto standard logging API in Java. It has been ported to Python, Ruby, C, C++, Eiffel and the much maligned C#. By adopting log4j, you simultaneously benefit from much richer functionality and wider JDK compatibility. With the support of the log4j community, the log4j project will continue to innovate and lead the way. As such, many of the features that you need will be first available in log4j.

> There are many other details in which log4j differs from JSR47. Even if the log4j core is small, the project contains a total of over 30'000 lines of well-tested code. JSR47 contains about 5'000 lines of code.

> It is likely that you will need an additional logging library to fill in the functionality gap, the JDK compatibility gap, or both. If you are going to install one or more logging APIs, then why not install log4j which offers a lot more than JSR47 and is backward compatible with JDK 1.1?

> Log4j has been around for a number of years, enjoys the support of an active community and is being used in thousands of projects. Our site gets over 600 downloads each and every day, and the numbers are on the rise. Companies are also offering commercial products extending log4j.

> Here is a short list of open source projects or sites that are known to use log4j.

> - Cryptix
> - Expresso Framework
> - Free E-Democracy Project
> - FreeHEP
> - JBoss
> - OpenSymphony
> - TheServerSide
> - Turbine
> - Velocity
> - WIRED

> Sun is setting a dangerous precedent by ignoring a rather successful open source project. If it happens to log4j, can it happen to other open source projects?

> ## Contact Sun

> If you feel that Sun is reinventing the wheel and setting a dangerous precedent, then this the time to ask Sun to adopt log4j as the official logging API for the Java language.

> Please direct your polite and personalized request to jsr-47-comments@jcp.org with Bcc: to ceki@apache.org.

> Many individuals have written to Sun to express their concern, in their vast majority pushing for the adoption of log4j. Their names and the content of their request are listed below. We are very grateful for their support. Some of these requests are quite detailed and insightful.

> - Christopher Taylor
> - Jon Stevens
> - Paul Grinchenko
> - Court Demas and his follow up
> - Nelson Minar
> - Robert Mahoney
> - Ellis Teer
> - Guy Lichtman
> - Michael Moser
> - Henrik Lundahl
> - Thomas Fenner
> - Endre Stølsvik
> - Knut Erik Ballestad
> - Henrik Fredholm and his follow up to Graham.
> - John Volkar
> - William Jaynes
> - Michael Stacey
> - Stacy Curl
> - David Owens
> - Eoin Flood
> - Tony Dean
> - AlexBlewitt
> - James Prokash
> - Ralf Haug
> - Carl Bacher
> - Dan Tanner
> - Brent Sprecher
> - Steve Wingfield
> - Anders Kristensen
> - Abe Mirrashidi
> - Jason Kitcat
> - Ron Jacobs
> - Andy DePue and his follow up
> - Joe Loda
> - David Maharaj
> - Frank Baxter
> - Henry Li
> - Richard Williams
> - Jason Heirtzler
> - Scott Miller
> - Chandra Patni
> - Daniel Hoppe
> - Sebastien Guimont
> - Thomas Quas
> - Jeff Turner
> - John Munsch
> - Del Edwards
> - Piper
> - Tim Colson
> - Howard Ship
> - Lewis Gardner
> - Daniel F. Savarese
> - Payam Mirrashidi
> - Bruce W. Deen
> - Emily Bache and her follow up
> - Julien Dubois
> - Alef Arendsen
> - Soren Hilmer
> - Mahesh Bhat
> - Jeff Linwood
> - Peter Meulmeester
> - Michael Duffy
> - Bill Griffith
> - Daniel Bram
> - Richard Dallaway
> - Chris Mein
> - Benjamin Russell Stocum
> - Guy Nirpaz
> - Gray Jones
> - Carlos Perez
> - Paul Michael Reilly
> - Marcus Ahnve
> - David Duddleston
> - Brian Paulsen
> - Alex Fernández
> - Daniel Stephan
> - Alexander Evsukov
> - Steven Sagaert
> - Doug Erickson
> - Scott Gilpin
> - Nate Sammons author of Protomatter Syslog
> - Stephan J. Schmidt
> - Jochen Bedersdorfer
> - Balaji Kithiganahalli and his follow up
> - Chris Yearsley
> - Scott Fleming
> - Paul Craven
> - Bruce Kroeze
> - Andrew Harris
> - Bernshtam Pavel
> - Tom Janofsky
> - Stephen Ashcroft
> - Bradley Schatz
> - Erik Bergersjö
> - Kevin Huber
> - Lee T Hall
> - Joel Schneider
> - Ivan Rosero
> - Arndt Schoenewald
> - Scott Ellsworth
> - Brett Morgan
> - Horst Scheruga
> - Axel Boness
> - Ed Howland
> - Frederic Soulier
> - Nathan Quinlan
> - Laurent Cornelis
> - Romain Guy
> - Oliver Burn
> - Jonathan C. Keatley
> - Yannick Menager
> - Jérôme Lacoste
> - Fabien Modoux
> - Yuriy Yatsyk
> - Andre Cusson
> - Rahul Bhargava
> - Wieser Daniel
> - Francesco Mondora
> - Paul Austin
> - Michael Weisser
> - Malcolm Sparks
> - Thomas Bohmbach
> - Ahmed Sako
> - Harald Pehl
> - Andre Anneck
> - Nisol Fabien
> - Paul Book
> - Alexis Agahi
> - Sanford Redlich
> - Matt Sponer
> - Daniel Seltzer
> - Florin Manolache
> - Geert Poels
> - Leif Hanack
> - Adam L. Menkes
> - Jean-Marc Tupin
> - Tony Culshaw
> - Bartosz Dudzinski
> - Saby Maxime
> - Meir Faraj
> - Rob Walker
> - Lorrin Nelson
> - Christopher J. Cooper
> - Lars Gregori
> - Vieri del Bianco
> - Patrick O'Hara
> - Robert Quinn
> - Henrik Klagges
> - Peter Miller
> - Timothy Falconer
> - David Li
> - Ross Cormier
> - Byung Jin Chun
> - Hugh Tran
> - Mustaq Ali
> - Mark Womack
> - Silvia Tsai
> - Ying Z Chen
> - Chris Gunn
> - Jeremy Meyer
> - Eric Pabst
> - Marc-Aurèle DARCHE
> - Hauke Plambeck
> - Ken Jarrad
> - ErikBergersjö
> - Camille Troillard
> - Marcel Heemskerk
> - Dan Rollo
> - Jeffrey Madynski
> - Eigil Hysvaer
> - Msew
> - Miguel Laiz
> - Colin Sampaleanu
> - Rob Giardina
> - Veerappan Saravanan
> - Nathan Brown
> - Larry Kim
> - Simon Evans
> - Charles W. Stanton
> - Will Sargent
> - Andrew Lovell
> - Rick Ross
> - Christian Gustafson
> - Doug Olender
> - Colin Gibson
> - Bear Bibeault
> - Robert Chartier
> - Jeroen Habets
> - Mark Schenk
> - Johan Sörlin
> - Michael Waddell
> - neth6
> - Antuan
> - Paul Sorenson
> - Oliver Kamps
> - John Adams
> - Carson Gross
> - Andre Van Delft
> - Jason Henriksen
> - Alexander Staubo
> - Stephanie Blair
> - Swami Iyer
> - Uma Maheswaran
> - Sandip Gahlot
> - Brian Bush
> - Shawn Stephens
> - Aaron Knauf
> - Damien Glancy
> - Roger Thomas
> - Sohail Ahmed
> - Andrew Baptist
> - Michael Weissenbacher
> - Robert Prince
> - Sarath Chandra
> - Nick Xidis
> - Gerald Nazareth
> - John W. Cocula
> - Kaneda K
> - GordonReynolds
> - Niko Schwarz
> - Anthony Chater
> - Ryan Krueger
> - Luc Peerdeman
> - Casper Nielsen
> - Prakash Sridharan
> - Michael Chermside
> - Edoardo Comar
> - Leonard Reinhart
> - James Maggs
> - Alex Rojkov
> - Jesse Wilson
> - Christophe Thiebaud
> - Dave Boden
> - Carlo Marchiori
> - David Avraamides
> - Boris Debic
> - Dave Phillips
> - Ted Rice

> Most of the e-mail notes are reproduced with permission. However, do not hesitate to contact ceki@apache.org in case you are uncomfortable seeing your name or the contents of your request reproduced publicly.

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